Direct Answer: You can set up an IRS payment plan in three ways: (1) apply online through the IRS Online Payment Agreement (OPA) tool at IRS.gov in about 15 minutes, (2) call the IRS at 1-800-829-1040, or (3) mail Form 9465 to the IRS. The online method is fastest, cheapest, and available 24/7. You must have all required tax returns filed before applying. 📋 Key Takeaways The IRS Online Payment Agreement (OPA) tool is the fastest and most affordable way to set up a payment plan — applications are processed instantly for qualifying taxpayers You must file all required tax returns before the IRS will approve any payment plan Short-term plans (180 days or fewer) have no setup fee; long-term plans cost between $22 and $178 depending on how you apply Setting up direct debit through EFTPS reduces your setup fee and prevents missed payments that could default your agreement If you owe $50,000 or less, you can qualify for a streamlined installment agreement without providing detailed financial information Common mistakes — like applying before filing all returns or underestimating your balance — can delay approval by weeks or months 📋 Before You Apply: Required Documents and Information Before you begin the application process, gather these documents and information to avoid delays: Personal Information Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) for you and your spouse if filing jointly Date of birth (for identity verification during online applications) Filing status and address from your most recent tax return Email address (required for online applications) Financial Information Total tax debt amount — check your IRS account online or review your most recent notice Bank account and routing numbers if paying by direct debit (recommended) Monthly income and expense information (required only for balances over $50,000 or non-streamlined agreements)...